HotlineRecently, the first exhibition of the 115th Canton Fair on electromechanical and Minmetals chemical products has ended.
It is understood that China's foreign trade import and export commodities are roughly divided into seven categories, electromechanical, mining and chemical, textiles and clothing, light industry, food and local products, foreign contracted projects, medicines and health products. Among them, the top three exporters are mechanical and electrical products, light industrial products and textile and apparel products.
Electromechanical is China's largest export industry. According to the first quarter data of the customs, China's mechanical and electrical products account for 56.9% of the total export value.
According to the statistics of China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanical and Electrical Products (hereinafter referred to as the Chamber of Commerce for Electromechanical Industry), as of April 18, during the exhibition period, the cumulative turnover of mechanical and electrical products was 12.49 billion US dollars, a slight decrease of 6.1% over the same period of the Spring Festival last year.
The exhibitors of the electromechanical enterprises interviewed by the reporter of "Daily Economic News" said that the export volume was greatly affected by the exchange rate. This exchange rate refers not only to the exchange rate of RMB (6.2293, 0.0019, 0.03%), but also the exchange rate of emerging market countries.
The Chamber of Electromechanical and Mechanical Affairs believes that the export of mechanical and electrical products is also facing the impact of trade friction, industrial transfer, and rising operating costs. As the volume of imports and exports is the largest, the industry will maintain a low growth rate in the future.
Mechanical and electrical products exports grow at a low rate into the normal state /
Mechanical and electrical products have always been a high proportion of China's trade in goods. The person in charge of the Electromechanical Chamber of Commerce told the reporter of “Daily Economic News” that China’s trade in mechanical and electrical products ranked first in the world for four consecutive years, and its share of global exports in 2013 is expected to reach 17%.
From 1980 to 2013, the import and export volume of China's mechanical and electrical products increased from 7.21 billion US dollars to 2.1 trillion US dollars, an increase of 290 times. After such a large amount of mechanical and electrical products, after the financial crisis, the phenomenon of “polarization” has become more and more serious: the ability of brand enterprises to receive orders is relatively strong, and that of small and medium-sized enterprises is more difficult.
According to the statistics of the traders' participation in the 115th Canton Fair, the brand exhibition area accounted for 50%. During the first period of the 115th Canton Fair, the brand booths accounted for 19.92% of the total number of booths, but the brand enterprises accounted for US$7.03 billion. The ratio is 56%.
However, Liang Qiming, general manager of the domestic marketing center of Foshan Qiling Electric Co., Ltd. said that they are still making OEMs for the top 500 companies in the world, and it is difficult to do their own brands.
It is understood that doing its own brand and doing OEM is different. Self-owned brands mean that factories, technology, workers and other factors must enter the overseas market. Technical barriers are an insurmountable hurdle, and overseas distributors are not willing to sell Chinese brands.
"We are exhibiting in Europe and the United States, and there are some sub-districts. The main building can't get in and the booth is very small." Liang Qiming said the bitterness of overseas exhibitors. "Our design and quality are not worse than foreign ones, but Brands are hard to get recognized. And (self-branded) exports have many barriers, and some markets will pass the technical certificate to set the level."
In addition, exchange rate fluctuations are another irresistible factor for corporate exports.
Wu Jianfeng, general manager of Guangdong Hongyu Ceramics Co., Ltd., said, “Exchange rate risk is an unavoidable part of international trade. As long as it is international trade, it must face this problem.”
“Enterprises are greatly affected by the exchange rate.” Liang Qiming also said that in addition to the BRIC countries, other developing country markets have also been affected by the exchange rate. "Everyone is watching the trend of the renminbi and the trend of foreign exchange."
In addition to the exchange rate, the Chamber of Commerce and Industry believes that this year the industry is also facing the impact of trade friction.
“In recent years, trade frictions against Chinese products have increased, and trade friction has shifted from low-end industries to high-end industries such as power, communications, photovoltaics, and automobiles.” The head of the chamber said that the countries that filed suits were developed countries. Turning to developing countries such as India, Brazil, Argentina, and Turkey, and restricting means are also extended from traditional means to technical standards and environmental protection, and there is a tendency to gradually expand from the economic level to the policy system level.
In the tide of manufacturing industry transfer before 2008, China's electromechanical industry, which has a labor advantage, has benefited deeply, but mainly concentrated in low-end products.
At present, the phenomenon of global industrial transfer has gradually extended from labor-intensive industries to high-end manufacturing industries. The transfer destinations are not limited to developing countries such as Southeast Asia, and some industries are shifting to developed countries. This is an increase in competitive pressure for the electromechanical industry, where core technologies are still subject to people.
The cost advantage that was once made in China has gradually become the "resistance" of Chinese manufacturing.
The head of the Electromechanical Chamber of Commerce talked about the import and export trends in the next few years, saying that the trade volume of China's mechanical and electrical products will continue to maintain the number one position in the world without any dispute, but with the slowdown in the growth of global manufacturing to China, dividends The effect is weakened, the volume of mechanical and electrical products is huge, and the share in the international market is almost saturated. The trend of high-speed growth in the past will not be duplicated, and the slow growth with international trade will become the norm.